A curated list by the team at Zama covering the Zama Confidential Blockchain Protocol and FHE Research & Development — libraries, research papers, tutorials, and more on Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE).
- FHEVM Litepaper: Litepaper about the cross-chain protocol for smart contracts – June 2025
- FHEVM whitepaper: Whitepaper about the cross-chain protocol for smart contracts – June 2025
- FHEVM V2: Confidential EVM Smart Contracts using Fully Homomorphic Encryption – December 2024
- FHEVM: Confidential EVM Smart Contracts using Fully Homomorphic Encryption – September 2023
Zama Protocol Docs — main developer documentation hub. Key sections for developers:
- Solidity Guides: How encrypted types, operations, ACLs, and other core FHEVM Solidity features work in practice
- Zama SDK: The new default TypeScript SDK for confidential dApps — shield/unshield, confidential transfers, React hooks
- Protocol Apps: Governance, staking, confidential wrappers, and registry contracts for operators and token holders
- FHE on Blockchain: Deep dive into FHEVM architecture — host contracts, coprocessors, the Gateway, and the KMS
- Code Examples: Reference smart contracts and dApp examples (including FHE Counter, ERC-7984 confidential tokens)
Core
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fhevm: Core framework of the Zama Confidential Blockchain Protocol — enables confidential smart contracts on EVM-compatible chains with end-to-end encrypted transactions and state
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tfhe-rs: Pure Rust implementation of the TFHE scheme, powering FHEVM's encrypted computation
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kms: Key Management System for the Zama Protocol — decentralized MPC network for FHE key generation and threshold decryption
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mpc-operator: Tooling for running MPC operator nodes for the Zama Protocol
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hpu: Zama's Homomorphic Processing Unit (HPU) is a SystemVerilog-based hardware implementation targeting AMD Alveo V80 FPGA board.
SDKs and Developer Tools
- sdk: The new default TypeScript SDK for confidential smart contracts — encryption, decryption, shield/unshield, React hooks
- fhevm-hardhat-template: Hardhat template for fhEVM smart contract development
- fhevm-react-template: React + Next.js + RainbowKit template for fhEVM dApps
- fhevm-mocks: Toolkit (mock-utils + Hardhat plugin) for writing, testing, and simulating fhEVM contracts in mock mode without a live network
- forge-fhevm: Foundry-native testing library for fhEVM confidential smart contracts, local-first and zero-config
Smart Contracts and dApps
- openzeppelin-confidential-contracts: Solidity library of encrypted contracts (incl. ERC-7984 confidential tokens) built with OpenZeppelin on Zama's fhEVM
- protocol-apps: Source for the official Zama Protocol web apps (Staking, Portfolio, Bridge, Auction)
Infrastructure and Operations
- blockchain-wallet-exporter: Prometheus exporter that tracks blockchain wallet balances for Cosmos and Ethereum
Official live applications built on the Zama Protocol
- Portfolio: View and manage your confidential token holdings, staking positions, and rewards across the protocol in one dashboard
- Staking: Stake $ZAMA to Genesis operators to help secure the network and earn staking rewards
- Bridging: Bridge $ZAMA between supported chains
- Auction: The Zama Public Auction app
- Zama Protocol Overview: Onchain activity dashboard for the Zama Confidential Blockchain Protocol
- Zama Public Auction: Key metrics for the $ZAMA Public Auction
Protocol- and engineering-related releases and technical updates, sorted by date
- The freeze on Zama's cUSDC contract has been lifted and all systems are back to normal - June 2026
- Shielded report, Dfns brings encrypted transactions to 400+ enterprise clients, new SDK and more - May 2026
- ERC-7984: The Confidential Token Standard Explained - February 2026
- More than 30% of $ZAMA circulating supply staked, the Zama Portfolio app, and FHE.org receiving support from Apple, AWS, Google and more - March 2026
- Zama Protocol Testnet Update: MPC Partners, Better Performance, Audits and New Features - November 2025
- Announcing HPU on FPGA: The first open-source hardware accelerator for FHE - May 2025
- Introducing Zama's Threshold Key Management System (TKMS) - April 2025
- TFHE-rs v1.0: Stable CPU backend - February 2025
- fhEVM v0.6: Enhanced Input Mechanism with Proof Capabilities, Expanded type, and Better Configurability - January 2025
- Introducing the FHEVM Coprocessor: Run FHE smart contracts on Ethereum, Base, and other EVM chains - December 2024
- Announcing Our Series B and the Zama Confidential Blockchain Protocol - 2024
- The Zama FHE Master Plan - March 2024
Older fhEVM version releases (<0.6) have been moved to Archive.
Key ecosystem and integration partnerships, sorted by date
- Zama Acquires TokenOps: Confidential & Fully Compliant Token Distributions, Airdrops, and Vesting - May 2026
- Dfns and Zama Partner to Unlock Institutional Liquidity on Public Blockchains Through Confidential Wallet Infrastructure - April 2026
- The Confidentiality Layer: Bringing Institutional Trade Execution to Ethereum with GSR - March 2026
- Zama Becomes the Confidentiality Layer for the T-REX Ledger - March 2026
- Blockscout Now Natively Supports ERC-7984 Confidential Tokens - March 2026
- The End of the Open Book: Zama and Bron Execute the First Confidential Payroll on Ethereum Mainnet - January 2026
- Zama Partners with Conduit to Scale Confidential Smart Contracts - 2025
- Zama Partners with OpenZeppelin to Bring Confidential Smart Contracts to DeFi and Digital Assets - 2025
- Kinexys by J.P. Morgan releases a Proof-of-concept focused on the financial sector leveraging Zama's privacy-preserving solutions - November 2024
$ZAMA token, company, and community news, sorted by date
- Dev Program Season 3, Zama acquiring TokenOps, Confidential DeFi and much more - June 2026
- Zama Builder Stories #1 - Five Years With FHE - May 2026
- Shielded report, Dfns brings encrypted transactions to 400+ enterprise clients, new SDK and more - May 2026
- Zama at FHE.org 2026: Eight Contributions from Taipei - March 2026
- $ZAMA Token Launch - February 2026
- Stake $ZAMA - February 2026
- The Zama Public Auction: $118M Committed for the First Encrypted ICO on Ethereum - January 2026
- Announcing the Zama Public Auction - January 2026
- The ticker is $ZAMA - January 2026
- Staking is Now Live on Mainnet - January 2026
- How we monetize open source at Zama - August 2022
- How we hire at Zama - October 2021
- Nigel Smart Is Joining Zama as Chief Academic Officer
Zama Developer Programs support builders at every stage, from experimentation to production-ready projects, with rewards in cUSDT. Apply here →
Seasons
- Zama Developer Program Mainnet Season 3: Composable Privacy Is the Key - May 2026
- Zama Developer Program Mainnet Season 2: Confidential Finance Is The Next Frontier - April 2026
- Zama Developer Program Mainnet Season 1: Building For The Long Game - February 2026
Winners announcement
- Announcing the Developer Program Mainnet Season 2 Winners - 2026
- Announcing the Developer Program Mainnet Season 1 Winners - 2026
- Shielded Report: Quarterly report on confidential onchain finance — institutional adoption, confidential stablecoins, and FHE-powered DeFi activity
- The State of FHE Report: Annual industry report tracking adoption, ecosystem growth, and key trends in Fully Homomorphic Encryption
Repository
- tfhe-rs: A pure Rust implementation of the TFHE scheme for Boolean and integer arithmetics over encrypted data
- TFHE-rs: A Practical Handbook First Edition - February 2025
Releases
- TFHE‑rs v1.4: GPU Performance Breakthrough and More – Nov 17 2025
- TFHE‑rs v1.3: Faster Division on CPU, Key Upgrader & Memory Tracking on GPU – Jul 16 2025
- TFHE‑rs v1.1: Fine‑Grained GPU Control and More Operators – Apr 10 2025
- TFHE‑rs v0.11: Strings, Faster Zero Knowledge Proof and Encrypted Arrays on GPU – Jan 14 2025
- TFHE‑rs v0.8: Encrypted Arrays and Improved Multi‑GPU Support – Oct 8 2024
- TFHE‑rs v0.7: Ciphertext Compression, Multi‑GPU Support and More – Jul 5 2024
- TFHE‑rs v0.5: Detecting Overflows, Running on GPU and More – Jan 22 2024
- TFHE‑rs v0.4: Zero‑Knowledge Support and Signed Integer Arithmetic – Oct 18 2023
- TFHE‑rs v0.3: Faster Homomorphic Operations and Encrypted Tensors – Jul 26 2023
- Announcing TFHE‑rs v0.2.0 – Apr 13 2023
- Announcing TFHE‑rs: a fast, pure Rust implementation of TFHE – Jan 12 2023
Tutorials
- [Video tutorial] Introducing Zama's hardware accelerator for FHE - HPU on FPGA - June 2025
- [Video tutorial] Improving multiple-GPU throughput using TFHE-rs - May 2025
- [Video tutorial] Perform array and tensor operations on encrypted data using TFHE-rs - October 2024
- [Video tutorial] Compress ciphertexts after FHE computation using TFHE-rs - July 2024
- [Video tutorial] Implement GPU acceleration on homomorphic computation using TFHE-rs - May 2024
- [Video tutorial] Implement signed integers using TFHE-rs - November 2023
- Boolean SHA256 using TFHE-rs - July 2023
- Dark market application using TFHE-rs - July 2023
- Regular expression engine with TFHE-rs - June 2023
- HPU Deepdive: How FHE Operations Run on the Homomorphic Processor - October 2025
- Bootstrapping TFHE ciphertexts in less than one millisecond - September 2025
- [Video Tutorial] Introducing Zama's Hardware Accelerator for FHE - HPU on FPGA - June 5, 2025
- Announcing HPU on FPGA: The First Open-source Hardware Accelerator for FHE - May 2025
Sorted by date, most recent first
- ERC-7984: The Confidential Token Standard Explained - February 2026
- Advancing Cryptography at Zama: Highlights from ASIACRYPT 2025 - December 2025
- Building encrypted iOS apps using Fully Homomorphic Encryption - May 2025
- Private equity tokenization: Mapping the opportunities and solving confidentiality - May 2025
- Implement a fully homomorphic version of the AES-128 crypto system using TFHE-rs - April 2025
- Why private equity needs confidential tokenization - April 2025
- Encrypted image watermarking using Fully Homomorphic Encryption and Zama Concrete ML - March 2025
- Building an onchain confidential single-price auction for token sales with sealed bids using Zama's fhEVM - March 2025
- The next chapter for stablecoins: Built-in confidentiality using FHE - March 2025
- Call for builders: Onboard the next trillions in DeFi with confidential lending - February 2025
- FHE State OS: Bringing public infrastructure on-chain while protecting citizens' privacy - February 2025
- Suffragium: An encrypted onchain voting system leveraging ZK and FHE using Zama's FHEVM - November 2024
- Winning the TikTok Hackathon using Zama's Concrete ML and Fully Homomorphic Encryption - October 2024
- Making FHE faster for ML: beating our previous paper benchmarks with Concrete ML - July 2024
- Build an end-to-end encrypted 23andMe-like genetic testing application using Concrete ML - July 2024
- Training predictive models on encrypted data using Fully Homomorphic Encryption - March 2024
- Hybrid large language models to improve on-premise deployments with Concrete ML - October 2023
- The architecture of Concrete, Zama's Fully Homomorphic Encryption compiler leveraging MLIR - October 2023
- Concrete - Zama's FHE compiler - May 2023
- Making chatGPT encrypted end-to-end - April 2023
- 360 privacy for machine learning with FHE - December 2022
- Bootstrapping for dummies - November 2022
- FHE and quantum cryptography - October 2022
- FHE as a puzzle piece - January 2023
- TFHE deep dive part 4 - June 2022
- TFHE deep dive part 3 - May 2022
- TFHE deep dive part 2 - May 2022
- TFHE deep dive part 1 - May 2022
- Estimating the security of homomorphic encryption schemes - December 2021
- Homomorphic Encryption 101 - December 2021
- A homomorphic FPGA implementation of the Intel 4004 — Part 1 - November 2021
- People should not care about privacy - August 2021
Research papers and publications by the Zama team sorted by date
- Snake-eye resistant and robust PKE from (ring-)LWE with small secrets - August 2026 - SAC 2026
- Verifiable bootstrapping from lattice-based folding [ePrint version] - June 2026 - ePrint Archive
- Boolean arithmetic over 𝔽₂ from group commutators [ePrint version] - June 2026 - WAIFI 2026
- Fully asymmetric anamorphic homomorphic encryption from LWE [ePrint version] - May 2026 - EUROCRYPT 2026
- Reactive correctness, sINDCPA-D-security and deterministic evaluation for TFHE [ePrint version] - April 2026 - Communications in Cryptology
- Concrete estimation of correctness and IND-CPA-D security for FHE via rare event simulation [ePrint version] - March 2026 - ePrint Archive
- Hash function constructions from lightweight block ciphers for fully homomorphic encryption [ePrint version] - February 2026 - ePrint Archive
- Faster short pairing-based NIZK proofs for ring LWE ciphertexts [ePrint version] - January 2026 - ePrint Archive
- Practical SNARGs for matrix multiplications over encrypted data [ePrint version] - January 2026 - ePrint Archive
- Bootstrapping (T)FHE ciphertexts via automorphisms: Closing the gap between binary and Gaussian keys [ePrint version] - December 2025 - ASIACRYPT 2025
- Anamorphic signatures with dictator and recipient unforgeability for long messages [ePrint version] - December 2025 - ASIACRYPT 2025
- Accelerating TFHE with sorted bootstrapping techniques [ePrint version] - December 2025 - ASIACRYPT 2025
- Approximate CRT-based gadget decomposition for fully homomorphic encryption [ePrint version] - November 2025 - IWSEC 2025
- Efficient fuzzy labeled PSI from vector ring-OLE [ePrint version] - November 2025 - CANS 2025
- Fast homomorphic evaluation of LWR-based PRFs [ePrint version] - October 2025 - ACM CCS 2025
- Pool: A practical OT-based OPRF from learning with rounding [ePrint version] - October 2025 - ACM CCS 2025
- Towards verifiable FHE in practice: Proving correct execution of TFHE's bootstrapping using plonky2 [ePrint version] - October 2025 - ACM CCS 2025
- Error-simulatable sanitization for TFHE and applications [ePrint version] - October 2025 - Communications in Cryptology
- Sharing the mask: TFHE bootstrapping on packed messages [ePrint version] - September 2025 - CHES 2025
- TFHE gets real: An efficient and flexible homomorphic floating point arithmetic [ePrint version] - September 2025 - CHES 2025
- Complex elections via threshold (fully) homomorphic encryption [ePrint version] - August 2025 - ePrint Archive
- Row reduction techniques for n-party garbling [ePrint version] - August 2025 - CRYPTO 2025
- Transistor: A TFHE-friendly stream cipher [ePrint version] - August 2025 - CRYPTO 2025
- Faster VOLEitH signatures from all-but-one vector commitment and half-tree [ePrint version] - July 2025 - ACISP 2025
- On proofs of plaintext knowledge for the Joye-Libert encryption scheme - June 2025 - ACNS 2025
- Private LoRA fine-tuning of open-source LLMs with homomorphic encryption - [arXiv version] - May 2025 - arXiv Archive
- Drifting towards better error probabilities in fully homomorphic encryption schemes [ePrint version] - May 2025 - EUROCRYPT 2025
- Leveraging small message spaces for CCA1 security in additively homomorphic and BGN-type encryption [ePrint version] - May 2025 - EUROCRYPT 2025
- Threshold (fully) homomorphic encryption [ePrint version] - April 2025 - ePrint Archive
- Simplified adaptively secure threshold BLS signatures - April 2025 - CT-RSA 2025
- Prime number generation and RSA keys - February 2025 - Embedded Cryptography
- Security guidelines for implementing homomorphic encryption [ePrint version] - January 2025 - Communications in Cryptology
- Differential fault analysis - January 2025 - Encyclopedia of Cryptography, Security and Privacy
- Updatable privacy-preserving blueprints [ePrint version] - December 2024 - ASIACRYPT 2024
- Non-malleable subvector commitments - December 2024 - ASIACRYPT 2024
- New secret keys for enhanced performance in (T)FHE [ePrint version] - October 2024 - ACM CCS 2024
- Faster private decision tree evaluation for batched input from homomorphic encryption [ePrint version] - September 2024 - SCN 2024
- Revisiting oblivious top-k selection with applications to secure k-NN classification [ePrint version] - August 2024 - SAC 2024
- Panacea: Non-interactive and stateless oblivious RAM - July 2024 - EuroS&P 2024
- What have SNARGs ever done for FHE? [ePrint version] - July 2024 - ePrint Archive
- Machine learning training on encrypted data with TFHE [arXiv version] - June 2024 - IWSPA 2024
- Lightweight asynchronous verifiable secret sharing with optimal resilience [ePrint version] - June 2024 - Journal of Cryptology
- Crypto dark matter on the torus: Oblivious PRFs from shallow PRFs and TFHE - May 2024 - EUROCRYPT 2024
- Advances in cryptology – EUROCRYPT 2024 (Part I) (Part II) (Part III) (Part IV) (Part V) (Part VI) (Part VII) - May 2024 - EUROCRYPT 2024
- Detecting rogue decryption in (threshold) encryption via self-incriminating proofs [ePrint version] - May 2024 - ePrint Archive
- TFHE public-key encryption revisited [ePrint version] - May 2024 - CT-RSA 2024
- Simulation-extractable KZG polynomial commitments and applications to HyperPlonk [ePrint version] - April 2024 - PKC 2024
- Vector commitments with proofs of smallness: Short range proofs and more [ePrint version] - April 2024 - PKC 2024
- A new approach to efficient and secure fixed-point computation [ePrint version] - March 2024 - ACNS 2024
- The key lattice framework for concurrent group messaging [ePrint version] - March 2024 - ACNS 2024
- Computing e-th roots in number fields [arXiv version] - January 2024 - ALENEX 2024
- MPC with delayed parties over star-like networks [ePrint version] - December 2023 - ASIACRYPT 2023
- Practical and efficient FHE-based MPC [ePrint version] - December 2023 - IMACC 2023
- ZK-for-Z2K: MPC-in-the-head zero-knowledge proofs for ℤ₂ᵏ [ePrint version] - December 2023 - IMACC 2023
- Multiparty computation: To secure privacy, do the math - November 2023 - ACM Queue
- Trivial transciphering with Trivium and TFHE [ePrint version] - November 2023 - WAHC 2023
- Noah's ark: Efficient threshold-FHE using noise flooding [ePrint version] - November 2023 - WAHC 2023
- Improved distributed RSA key generation using the Miller-Rabin test - November 2023 - ACM CCS 2023
- SoK: Privacy-enhancing technologies in finance [ePrint version] - October 2023 - AFT 2023
- Privacy-preserving tree-based inference with TFHE [ePrint version] - October 2023 - MSPN 2023
- FHEVM - Confidential EVM smart contracts using Fully Homomorphic Encryption - September 2023 - White paper
- On the precision loss in approximate homomorphic encryption [ePrint version] - August 2023 - SAC 2023
- Attribute-based single sign-on: Secure, private, and efficient [ePrint version] - July 2023 - PoPETs 2023
- Computing on encrypted data - July 2023 - IEEE Security & Privacy
- Deep neural networks for encrypted inference with TFHE [ePrint version] - June 2023 - CSCML 2023
- Cyber Security, Cryptology, and Machine Learning - June 2023 - CSCML 2023
- Parameter optimization & larger precision for (T)FHE [ePrint version] - June 2023 - Journal of Cryptology
- Topical collection on computing on encrypted data - June 2023 - Journal of Cryptology
- POLKA: Towards leakage-resistant post-quantum CCA-secure public-key encryption [ePrint version] - May 2023 - PKC 2023
- On-line/Off-line DCR-based homomorphic encryption and applications [ePrint version] - April 2023 - CT-RSA 2023
- Differential fault analysis - March 2023 - Encyclopedia of Cryptography, Security and Privacy
- Improving convergence and practicality of slide-type reductions [ePrint version] - March 2023 - Information and Computation
- On side-channel and CVO attacks against TFHE and FHEW [ePrint version] - December 2022 - ePrint Archive
- FINAL: Faster FHE instantiated with NTRU and LWE [ePrint version] - December 2022 - ASIACRYPT 2022
- Liberating TFHE: Programmable bootstrapping with general quotient polynomials [ePrint version] - November 2022 - WAHC 2022
- SoK: Fully homomorphic encryption over the [discretized] torus [ePrint version] - September 2022 - CHES 2022
- Scooby: Improved multi-party homomorphic secret sharing based on FHE [ePrint version] - September 2022 - SCN 2022
- On NTRU-ν-um modulo Xᴺ-1 [ePrint version] - August 2022 - ePrint Archive
- Fast computation of the octic residue symbol - August 2022 - NutMiC 2022
- Secure branching program evaluation [ePrint version] - August 2022 - ePrint Archive
- Blind rotation in fully homomorphic encryption with extended keys - June 2022 - CSCML 2022
- CoCoA: Concurrent continuous group key agreement [ePrint version] - May 2022 - Eurocrypt 2022
- A pairing-free signature scheme from correlation intractable hash function and strong Diffie-Hellman assumption [ePrint version] - January 2022 - CT-RSA 2022
- Balanced non-adjacent forms [ePrint version] - December 2021 - ASIACRYPT 2021
- Improved programmable bootstrapping with larger precision and efficient arithmetic circuits for TFHE [ePrint version] - December 2021 - ASIACRYPT 2021
- Grafting key trees: Efficient key management for overlapping groups [ePrint version] - November 2021 - TCC 2021
- The cost of adaptivity in security games on graphs [ePrint version] - November 2021 - TCC 2021
- Ultrafast homomorphic encryption models enable secure outsourcing of genotype imputation [bioRxiv version] - November 2021 - Cell Systems
- Primary elements in cyclotomic fields with applications to power residue symbols, and more [ePrint version] - August 2021 - ePrint Archive
- Programmable bootstrapping enables efficient homomorphic inference of deep neural networks [ePrint version] - July 2021 - CSCML 2021
- The eleventh power residue symbol [ePrint version] - January 2021 - Journal of Mathematical Cryptology
- CONCRETE: Concrete operates on ciphertexts rapidly by extending TfhE - December 2020 - WAHC 2020
- SANNS: Scaling up secure approximate k-nearest neighbors search - August 2020 - USENIX 2020
Talks, posters, and presentations by Zama team sorted by date
- Protecting high-value assets using robust MPC - May 2026 - TPMPC 2026
- Randomization in FHE and TFHE - March 2026 - FHE.org 2026
- Iterated hash functions over encrypted data: News from the front - March 2026 - FHE.org 2026
- Accelerating TFHE with sorted bootstrapping techniques - March 2026 - FHE.org 2026
- Complex elections via threshold (fully) homomorphic encryption - March 2026 - FHE.org 2026
- Sub-millisecond TFHE bootstrapping on GPU - March 2026 - FHE.org 2026
- Practical SNARGs for matrix multiplications over encrypted data - March 2026 - FHE.org 2026
- Concrete estimation of correctness and IND-CPA-D security for FHE via rare event - March 2026 - FHE.org 2026
- Let's talk: How TFHE became practical - March 2026 - FHE.org 2026
- TFHE (FHE), ZHEnith (ZK) and Nexus (MPC) - January 2026 - MPTS 2026
- Strong IND-CPAD security for FHE (essentially) for free - March 2025 - FHE.org 2025
- Fast homomorphic evaluation of LWR-based PRFs and application to transciphering - March 2025 - FHE.org 2025
- Extended external products of ciphertexts with automorphisms and applications - March 2025 - FHE.org 2025
- Practical robust MPC for Galois rings [video] - March 2025 - TPMPC & RWMPC 2025
- Towards verifiable FHE in practice - October 2024 - zkSummit12
- Advanced FHE and MPC protocols for the blockchain [video] - June 2024 - TPMPC 2024
- IP protection & privacy in LLM: Leveraging Fully Homomorphic Encryption [video] - May 2024 - RSA Conference 2024
- Advanced FHE protocols for the blockchain - March 2024 - RWC 2024
- Revisiting oblivious top-k selection with applications to secure k-NN classification - March 2024 - FHE.org 2024
- Security guidelines for implementing homomorphic encryption - March 2024 - FHE.org 2024
- TFHE simplified: A practical guide to integer arithmetic and reliability - March 2024 - FHE.org 2024
- Neural network training on encrypted data with TFHE - March 2024 - FHE.org 2024
- Towards verifiable bootstrapping in practice: Proving correct execution of TFHE's blind rotation using plonky2 - March 2024 - FHE.org 2024
- Game of life, revisited - March 2024 - FHE.org 2024
- Homomorphic integer division for TFHE - March 2024 - FHE.org 2024
- The inhibitor: ReLU and addition-based attention for efficient transformers under fully homomorphic encryption on the torus - March 2024 - FHE.org 2024
- Privacy-preserving tree-based inference with TFHE - August 2023 - PPML 2023
- Recent advances in homomorphic compilation - March 2023 - FHE.org 2023
- On NTRU-ν-um modulo Xᴺ-1 - March 2023 - FHE.org 2023
- Parameter optimization & larger precision for (T)FHE - March 2023 - FHE.org 2023
- Private smart contracts using homomorphic encryption - March 2023 - FHE.org 2023
- Fully homomorphic encryption for user privacy and model intellectual property protection - March 2023 - FHE.org 2023
- Hybrid attacks on LWE and the lattice estimator - May 2022 - FHE.org 2022
- Fast, easy, and accessible FHE with Concrete and specialized accelerators - May 2022 - FHE.org 2022
- Concrete ML: A data-scientist-friendly toolkit for machine learning over encrypted data - May 2022 - FHE.org 2022
- Performance of hierarchical transforms in homomorphic encryption: A case study on logistic regression inference - May 2022 - FHE.org 2022
- New challenges for fully homomorphic encryption - December 2020 - PPML 2020
- Introducing the Zama confidential blockchain protocol, a cross-chain protocol for confidential smart contracts using FHE - June 2025 - EthCC 8
- Unlocking regulated use cases for privacy: Preserving stablecoins - July 2024 - Stable Summit
- Threshold key generation and decryption for FHEVM Chains - July 2024 - EthCC 7
- Decentralized AI: Safeguarding privacy with FHE - July 2024 - EthCC 7
- FHE on Ethereum July 2024 - EthCC 7
- Privacy-preserving machine learning - June 2024 - Agora Cloud event 2024 (organized by European Commission)
- Concrete ML privacy preserving machine learning with Fully Homomorphic Encryption - May 2024 - Zama Meetup in Zurich (co-located with Eurocrypt 2024)
- The Zama FHEVM: Confidential smart contracts using FHE + ZK + MPC - May 2024 - Zama Meetup in Zurich (co-located with Eurocrypt 2024)
- Privacy-preserving ML with Fully Homomorphic Encryption (Video) - May 2024 - Google TechTalks
- Privacy-preserving ML with Fully Homomorphic Encryption - May 2024 - MIT & Google
Superseded libraries, demos, and old protocol versions — kept for reference.
- Zama Bounty Program: The original bounty program for Zama's open source libraries (pre-Mainnet Developer Program). More than €500,000 awarded in prizes across 10 seasons.
- Developer Program December 2025: Join the Pre-Mainnet Builder Cohort - December 2025
- Bounty Track December 2025: Build The FHEVM Example Hub - December 2025
- Bounty Track October 2025: Build an Universal FHEVM SDK - October 2025
- Zama Bounty Program Season 10: Create a "Hello FHEVM" Tutorial – Sep 16 2025
- Launching the Zama Developer Program - September 2025
- Zama Bounty Program Season 9: Build a privacy‑preserving DCA bot – Jul 25 2025
- Announcing the first recipients of the Zama Cryptanalysis Grants - June 2025
- Zama Bounty Program Season 8 - March 2025
- Zama Bounty Program Season 7 - December 2024
- Zama Bounty Program Season 6 - June 2024
- Introducing the Zama Grant Program and launching the Zama Bounty Program season 5 - February 2024
- Zama Bounty Program Season 4: New Bounties Available - September 2023
- Zama Bounty Program Season 3 - May 2023
- Zama Bounty Program Season 2 - February 2023
- Launching the Zama Bounty Program with over €500,000 in prizes - November 2022
Concrete is Zama's TFHE compiler that converts Python programs into FHE equivalents. Actively maintained, but no longer the primary developer entry point — TFHE-rs and fhEVM are the current focus.
Repository
- Concrete: TFHE compiler that converts Python programs into FHE equivalents
Releases
- Concrete v2.10: Introducing Rust Support, Multiple Precision and TFHE‑rs v1.1 Compatibility – Apr 10 2025
- Concrete v2.9: Enhanced TFHE‑rs Interoperability and Python 3.12 Support – Jan 14 2025
- Concrete v2.8: Interoperability with TFHE‑rs and Automatic Module Tracing – Oct 8 2024
- Concrete v2.7: GPU Wheel and Extended Function Composition – Jul 5 2024
- Concrete v2.6: Approximate PBS and Input Compression – Apr 8 2024
- Concrete v2.5: Multiple-Outputs and Iterative Functions, TFHE-rs Under the Hood, and New Truncate-PBS Operator – Jan 19 2024
- Concrete v2.4.0: Multi-Parameter Optimization and More Accurate Bitwidth
- Concrete v2.0.0: Improving Performance and Developer Experience – Jul 25 2023
- Announcing Concrete v1.0.0 – Apr 13 2023
- Announcing Concrete v0.2 – Oct 18 2022
- Announcing Concrete Core v1.0
- Announcing Concrete Numpy v0.9 – Jan 11 2023
- Announcing Concrete Numpy v0.8 – Oct 18 2022
- Announcing Concrete Numpy v0.5 – Apr 21 2022
- Announcing Concrete Numpy – Jan 12 2022
- What's New in Concrete v0.1.10 – Sep 30 2021
- Introducing the Concrete Framework
- Announcing Concrete‑core v1.0.0‑gamma with GPU acceleration
- Announcing Concrete Core v1.0‑beta
- Concrete‑core v1.0.0‑alpha
Tutorials
- [Video tutorial] Integrate Python FHE modules in Rust using Concrete - May 2025
- [Video tutorial] Use the TFHE-rs interoperability feature in Concrete - October 2024
- [Video tutorial] Implement GPU acceleration in FHE using Concrete - July 2024
- [Video tutorial] Compute an XOR distance in FHE using Concrete - May 2024
- [Video tutorial] Speed up neural networks with approximate rounding using Concrete - May 2024
- [Video tutorial] Compile composable functions with Concrete - February 2024
- The encrypted Game of Life in Python using concrete - November 2023
- [Video tutorial] How to use dynamic table look-ups using Concrete - November 2023
- [Video tutorial] Dive into Concrete - Zama's Fully Homomorphic Encryption compiler - October 2023
- [Video tutorial] How to get started with Concrete - Zama's Fully Homomorphic Encryption compiler - July 2023
- Encrypted key-value database using homomorphic encryption - March 2023
- The Game of Life: Rebooted - August 2022
- Encrypted search using fully homomorphic encryption - February 2022
Privacy-preserving ML framework built on top of Concrete, with bindings to traditional ML frameworks.
Repository
- Concrete ML: Privacy-preserving ML framework built on top of Concrete, with bindings to traditional ML frameworks
Demos
- Encrypted DNA testing using Fully Homomorphic Encryption
- Encrypted anonymization using FHE
- Encrypted credit card approval prediction using FHE
- Encrypted sentiment analysis using FHE
- Encrypted health prediction using FHE
- Encrypted image filtering using FHE
Releases
- Concrete ML v1.9: TFHE‑rs Compatibility and Faster LLM Fine‑tuning – Apr 10 2025
- Concrete ML v1.8: Towards Decentralized Private LLAMA Fine‑tuning – Jan 14 2025
- Concrete ML v1.4: Encrypted Training and Faster Decision Trees – Jan 19 2024
- Concrete ML v1.1.0: Faster Inference and First FHE LLM Demo – Jul 25 2023
- Announcing Concrete ML v1.0.0 – Apr 13 2023
- Announcing Concrete ML v0.6
- Announcing Concrete ML v0.4
- Announcing Concrete ML v0.2
Tutorials
- [Video tutorial] Fine-tune LLM models on encrypted data using Concrete ML - February 2025
- [Video tutorial] Build an encrypted DNA testing With FHE using Concrete ML - October 2024
- [Video tutorial] Improve the latency for larger neural networks in Concrete ML - July 2024
- [Video tutorial] Work with encrypted DataFrames using Concrete ML - May 2024
- Running privacy-preserving inferences on Hugging Face endpoints - April 2024
- Build an end-to-end encrypted Shazam application using Concrete ML - February 2024
- [Video tutorial] Train a linear classifier on encrypted data using Concrete ML and Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) - February 2024
- Linear regression over encrypted data with homomorphic encryption - June 2023
- Comparison of Concrete ML regressors - June 2023
- [Video tutorial] How to convert a scikit-learn model into its homomorphic equivalent - June 2023
- How to deploy a machine learning model with Concrete ML - May 2023
- Encrypted image filtering using homomorphic encryption - February 2023
- Sentiment analysis over encrypted data - November 2022
- Titanic competition with privacy-preserving machine learning - August 2022
Older fhEVM release announcements, superseded by v0.6 and the current FHEVM monorepo/protocol docs above.
- fhEVM v0.5: Enhanced Security and Efficiency for Encrypted Data – Jul 5 2024
- fhEVM v0.4: New Encrypted Types and Asynchronous Decryption – Apr 8 2024
- fhEVM v0.3: New Stack and Better Performances – Jan 19 2024
- fhEVM v0.2.0: New Operators, Simpler Syntax and Optimized Performances – Oct 17 2023
- Introducing the fhEVM Coprocessor: Run FHE Smart Contracts on Ethereum, Base and other EVM chains – Dec 6 2024