SolarWinds Serv-U Unauthenticated DoS: Safe Detection Script

A safe, non-destructive detector for CVE-2026-28318, an unauthenticated denial-of-service in SolarWinds Serv-U <= 15.5.4.108. A single POST that carries Content-Encoding: deflate and a body feeds that body to an in-memory deflate decompressor (CZLibCompression) whose buffer management performs an invalid free(), aborting the Serv-U service process. (CVSS 7.5, AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H, CWE-763.)

This script does not crash the target. It answers one question per host: is the 15.5.4 HF1 fix missing? That is an exact proxy for whether the server is vulnerable to CVE-2026-28318.

Is it Safe to Run?

Yes. This is the whole point of the tool, and it is safe to run against production:

• It never sends deflate. deflate is the only Content-Encoding value that starts the vulnerable decompressor. The script sends a single POST with a benign Content-Encoding: identity and a short body, which never reaches the crashing code path.
• It is a differential check, not an exploit. The HF1 fix (build 15.5.4.125) rejects any request that has a body and a non-empty Content-Encoding with 415 Unsupported Media Type. Vulnerable builds have no such gate and handle the identity probe normally. So the verdict turns purely on the status code, and the service is never destabilised.
• It is pre-authentication and read-only. One request, no login, no target state changed.

How it Works

The script sends one safe POST to the site root and reads the status code:

identity probe response	Verdict	Meaning
Serv-U Server header, status ≠ 415 (e.g. 401 / 404 / 200 / 302)	VULNERABLE [missing-415-gate]	The HF1 415 gate is absent, so build <= 15.5.4.108, CVE-2026-28318 unpatched.
Serv-U Server header, status = 415	PATCHED [hf1-415-gate]	HF1 input-validation gate present, so build >= 15.5.4.125. Not vulnerable.
Responded, but no Serv-U Server header	NOT-SERV-U [not-servu]	Not a Serv-U server, or a proxy stripped the header.
No usable response / connection failure	ERROR [no-response]	No HTTP service reachable, filtered, TLS error, or timeout.

The target is fingerprinted as Serv-U from the probe response's own Server header, so no separate identification request is needed.

It proves the fix is missing; it does not crash the service to confirm. A VULNERABLE verdict means the HF1 input-validation gate is absent, which is an exact proxy for this CVE. The script deliberately stops there rather than sending the crashing deflate value.

Requirements

• Python 3.7+, standard library only, with no third-party packages.

Usage

# single host (scheme defaults to https://)
./cve_2026_28318_check.py 10.0.0.5

# explicit URL / port
./cve_2026_28318_check.py https://10.0.0.5:443

# several hosts at once
./cve_2026_28318_check.py host-a:443 host-b https://host-c

# scan a list, one target per line ('#' comments allowed), compact output
./cve_2026_28318_check.py -f targets.txt --brief

# machine-readable output for pipelines
./cve_2026_28318_check.py -f targets.txt --json > results.json

Options

Flag	Description
targets	One or more HOST[:PORT] or URL (scheme defaults to https://)
-t, --target TARGET	Add a target (repeatable)
-f, --file FILE	Read targets from a file (one per line; # comments)
-b, --brief	Single aligned line per target, ideal for scanning many hosts
--json	Emit structured JSON results
--no-color	Disable coloured output (also honours NO_COLOR and non-TTY)
--timeout SECS	Per-probe timeout (default: 10)
-v, --verbose	Show the probe sent and the raw response headers

Examples

A vulnerable Serv-U server (the [!] marker and VULNERABLE render red on a TTY):

$ ./cve_2026_28318_check.py https://10.0.0.5
[!] https://10.0.0.5: VULNERABLE  [missing-415-gate]
      Serv-U returned 401 (not 415) to the identity probe, so the HF1 415 gate is ABSENT (build <= 15.5.4.108) and CVE-2026-28318 is unpatched. This proves the fix is missing; it does NOT crash the service. Apply 15.5.4 HF1 (build 15.5.4.125+).

A patched server returns PATCHED (the HF1 415 gate answered the identity probe):

$ ./cve_2026_28318_check.py https://10.0.0.6
[+] https://10.0.0.6: PATCHED  [hf1-415-gate]
      Serv-U returned 415 to the identity probe, so the 15.5.4 HF1 input-validation gate is present (build >= 15.5.4.125). Not vulnerable to CVE-2026-28318.

Scan a list, one aligned line per host (--brief). Exit status is 1 if any host is VULNERABLE, else 0, which is handy in scripts:

$ ./cve_2026_28318_check.py -f targets.txt --brief; echo "exit: $?"
VULNERABLE  https://10.0.0.5                 missing-415-gate
PATCHED     https://10.0.0.6                 hf1-415-gate
NOT-SERV-U  https://10.0.0.7                 not-servu
ERROR       https://10.0.0.8                 no-response
exit: 1

Machine-readable output for pipelines (--json):

$ ./cve_2026_28318_check.py https://10.0.0.5 --json
[
  {
    "target": "https://10.0.0.5",
    "verdict": "VULNERABLE",
    "reason": "missing-415-gate",
    "detail": "Serv-U returned 401 (not 415) to the identity probe, so the HF1 415 gate is ABSENT (build <= 15.5.4.108) and CVE-2026-28318 is unpatched. This proves the fix is missing; it does NOT crash the service. Apply 15.5.4 HF1 (build 15.5.4.125+)."
  }
]

Verdicts

Verdict	Reason tag	Meaning
VULNERABLE	missing-415-gate	Serv-U server with no HF1 415 gate, so build <= 15.5.4.108, CVE-2026-28318 unpatched. Patch immediately.
PATCHED	hf1-415-gate	Serv-U server that answers the identity probe with 415, so the HF1 fix is present (build >= 15.5.4.125).
NOT-SERV-U	not-servu	Responded, but no Serv-U Server header; not Serv-U, or a proxy stripped it.
ERROR	no-response	No usable HTTP response (no service on that port, filtered, TLS error, or timeout).
ERROR	bad-target	The target argument could not be parsed.

Exit codes

Code	Meaning
0	No target was VULNERABLE
1	At least one target is VULNERABLE
2	Usage error (bad arguments / unreadable targets file)

Limitations

• Proxy / TLS termination. A reverse proxy or load balancer in front of Serv-U can strip the Server header (reported as NOT-SERV-U) or answer with its own 415 (a possible false PATCHED). Point the tool directly at the Serv-U management interface where you can.
• Not a crash test. A VULNERABLE verdict proves the HF1 input-validation fix is absent; it does not demonstrate the crash (by design). That gate is an exact proxy for this CVE.
• TLS is not verified. Serv-U management interfaces are typically self-signed, so the script does not validate certificates. It confirms reachability and reads the status, nothing more.
• Reachability only. A result reflects what the server returns from the network position you run it from.

Remediation

Upgrade to SolarWinds Serv-U 15.5.4 Hotfix 1 (build 15.5.4.125) or later, which adds the input-validation gate that rejects a request carrying both a body and a non-empty Content-Encoding. Until you can patch, restrict network access to the Serv-U service to trusted sources.

License

This code is distributed under an MIT license.

Legal Disclaimer

Usage of this tool for attacking targets without prior mutual consent is illegal. It is the end user's responsibility to obey all applicable local, state, and federal laws. Developers assume no liability and are not responsible for any misuse or damage caused by this program.

See Also

• NVD: CVE-2026-28318
• MITRE: CVE-2026-28318